virtual server hosting

This section includes step-by-step instructions on how to connect to your VPS v2 Virtual Server using SSH, Telnet, FTP, Windows File Share, and iManager. Each program usually prompts for the same type of information to connect to your VPS v2 Virtual Server.

The following terms and definitions will help you in connecting to your VPS v2 Virtual Server.

Term

Definition

Domain name

Your domain name or temporary domain name.

Hostname

Same as the domain name. When prompted for the hostname, the domain name or IP address can be used.

Login name

The default login name specified in your e-mail configuration letter.

Username

The same as the login name.

IP address

The IP address assigned to your VPS v2 Virtual Server.

Port

An identifying number assigned to each program running on the Internet.

The VPS v2 Virtual Server uses standard ports. The following table lists port numbers.

Service

Standard Port Number

FTP

21

SSH

22

SMTP

25

auxiliary SMTP

587

HTTP

80

POP

110

IMAP

143

HTTPS

443
SSH
Secure Shell (SSH) is a secure Telnet program that provides encrypted communications between your VPS v2 Virtual Server and your local computer. Connecting to your VPS v2 Virtual Server using an SSH client is made simple with SecureCRT (http://www.vandyke.com/products/securecrt) or F-Secure SSH™ (http://www.datafellows.com). Both SecureCRT and F-Secure SSH use port 22 on your VPS v2 Virtual Server.

Connecting using SecureCRT
Many SSH programs are available for both PCs and Macs. For the PC, the standard is CRT. For security, we recommend SecureCRT, developed by Van Dyke and associates. For more information about CRT and other Van Dyke programs, see http://www.vandyke.com/products/securecrt/.

To connect to the server using SecureCRT:

    1. Open the SecureCRT program. The “not connected” SecureCRT window appears.
    2. Click File and Quick Connect. The Quick Connect box appears on top of the SecureCRT window.
    3. Type the domain name or IP address of your server username and then click Connect.
    4. Type your password at the login: A UNIX command-line prompt appears. Depending on user privilege and shell, it will be #, $, or %.
Telnet
Telnet is a program commonly used to remotely control UNIX servers. You enter commands in the command line, and control your VPS v2 Virtual Server from your home or office. Telnet comes standard with Windows operating systems.

While you use Telnet, you are in a “shell” environment (command line interface) using UNIX commands. More information on UNIX commands is covered later in this chapter.

Note: Telnet does not encrypt data; it is not secure. SSH is strongly recommended. Telnet is configured to not allow root to connect.

FTP
The FTP (File Transfer Protocol) copies files between your VPS v2 Virtual Server and your local computer. Although it is readily available in the command line interface (See Command Line FTP in this section), many people prefer to use ftp in a graphical interface.

To connect to the FTP server of your VPS v2 Virtual Server using an FTP graphical interface, you will need an FTP client installed on your local computer. Open a browser and type ftp clients in your search engine, then download a program you like. We recommend WS_FTP or CuteFTP.

The typical graphical ftp program displays two columns. The left column displays directories and files on your local computer. The right column displays directories and files on the remote server. Transfer all HTML documents and CGI scripts in ASCII mode. Transfer graphics in binary format


Using WS_FTP
These directions will help you use WS_FTP, an easy-to-use FTP client found at http://www.ipswitch.com/products/ws_ftp/.
  1. Open your WS_FTP program, and at the main WS_FTP screen, click Connect. The session Properties window appears.
  2. For the Profile Name, type your_company.com (domain name).
  3. For Host Name/Address, type your_company.com (domain name) or temporary domain name if your domain name has not yet been registered.
  4. For User ID, type your username.
  5. For Password, type your password.
  6. Click OK.
  7. Select the files or directories displayed on your local computer (the left side). Choose more than one by holding down the shift key while you select.
  8. To add them to your VPS v2 Virtual Server (the right side), click the arrow button.

The directory that stores primary domain Web files is /usr/local/apache/htdocs, or /home/enetrics/www/enetrics.com. Other Web files for virtual hosts (subhosts) are in: /home/username/www/subhostdomain.name

Note: WS_FTP provides an "Auto" button that allows WS_FTP to automatically determine in which mode to transfer files. The "Auto" button may not always work, so if you experience problems, you should manually set the mode. Transfer all HTML documents and CGI scripts in ASCII mode. Transfer graphics in binary format.

Command line FTP
The Windows operating system ships with a command-line FTP program. The following table lists the most commonly used FTP commands.

FTP Command

Description

ascii

Set the file transfer type to network ASCII.

binary

Set the file transfer type to support binary files.

bye or quit

Terminate the FTP remote session and exit FTP. An end of file also terminates the session.

cd remote-directory

Change the working directory on the remote computer to remote-directory.

delete remote-file

Delete the file remote-file on the remote computer.

dir or ls remote-dir

Print a directory contents list in the directory, remote-directory. If no remote directory is specified, a list of the current working directory on the remote computer is displayed.

get remote-file local-file

Retrieve the remote-file and store it on the local computer. If the local file name is not specified, it is given the same name it has on the remote computer.

help command

Print an informative message about the meaning of command. If no argument is given, FTP prints a list of the known commands.

lcd local-directory

Change the working directory on the local computer. If no directory is specified, the working directory is changed to the user's local home directory.

mdelete remote-files

Delete the remote-file on the remote computer.

mget remote-files

Expand the remote-files on the remote computer and do a get for each file name thus produced.

mkdir remote-directory

Make a directory on the remote computer.

mput local-files

List of local files given as arguments and do a put for each file in the resulting list.

prompt

Toggle interactive prompting. Interactive prompting occurs during multiple file transfers to allow the user to selectively retrieve or store files. If prompting is turned off (default is on), any mget or mput transferred all files, and any mdelete deleted all files.

put local-file remote-file

Store a local file on the remote computer. If remote-file is left unspecified, the local file name is used.

rename from to

Rename the file on the remote computer to the file on local computer.

rmdir directory-name

Delete a directory on the remote computer.

Using Command-Line FTP
This is a sample ftp session.
      1. From your Windows taskbar, click Start, Run.
      2. Type ftp your_company.com (your domain.), and click OK.
      3. Type your login and password when prompted.
      4. The following is a sample FTP session:
      cd /home/enetrics/www/enetrics.com (primary domain only)
      or
      cd /www/subhostdomain.name (subhost)
      ascii
      lcd c:\upload
      put index.php
      bin
      put logo.gif
      quit

Windows File Share
Windows® File Sharing is a nice interface for maintaining your Web site. Using it requires that you install the Samba server on your VPS v2 Virtual Server.

Installing the Samba Server
To install Samba:

    1. Connect to your VPS v2 Virtual Server using SSH and type:
      # vinstall samba
    2. Answer the questions in the script that appears.
      installing samba
      Do you want to use SWAT to configure Samba? y
      Generating a SSL keyfile for stunnel protection of the
      SWAT configuration interface. You will be prompted for
      information to be embeded in the key.
      Using configuration from /usr/local/etc/stunnel/stunnel.cnf
      Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
      ++++++++++++
      writing new private key to '/usr/local/etc/stunnel/stunnel.pem'
      You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request.
      What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank. For some fields there will be a default value. If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
      Country Name (2 letter code) [PL]:US
      State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:ID
      Locality Name (eg, city) []:Silver City
      Organization Name (eg, company) [Stunnel Developers Ltd]:XYZ
      Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Product Development
      Common Name (FQDN of your server) [localhost]:     
      To customize the settings samba is using, you can acces the SWAT configuration
      interface at: https://v2test16.tempdomainname.com:901/
      Samba is installed and running.
      An account will be denied the ability to login via samba until smbpasswd is run for that user. To find out more please run man smbpasswd.
      vinstall done
    3. Type logout.
    4. Reconnect to your VPS v2 Virtual Server to refresh the executable paths.
    5. Type smbpasswd to create a password. Type the password twice.
      When run by root, use:
      smbpasswd [ options ]  [ username ]  [ password ]
      otherwise:   smbpasswd [ options ]  [ password ]
      The “password changed” message appears.
Setting up Windows File Share for Windows 2000
Using Windows File Share, you can map a drive on your local computer to your VPS v2 Virtual Server. After you map the drive, you can copy and paste files to and from your VPS v2 Virtual Server in a drag-and-drop fashion. To use Windows File Share, ensure that the clients for Microsoft Networks and the TCP/IP protocol stack are installed.
    1. From your Windows taskbar, click Start, Run, and Control Panel.
    2. Double-click Administrative Tools, Local Security Policy.
    3. Double-click Local Policies, Security Options on the right panel.
    4. Double-click on Send unencrypted password to connect to third-party SMB servers.
    5. Click Enable, OK.
    6. Close the Local Security Settings window.
    7. Edit the lmhosts.sam file located in the C:\WINNT\system32\drivers\etc directory with Notepad.
    8. Add the following line to the file:
      xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx      your_company.com
      Replace xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx with your IP address and your_company.com with your domain name.
    9. Save and close the lmhosts.sam file.
    10. Double-click My Computer.
    11. Click Tools, Map Network Drive.
    12. Choose an empty drive letter from the drive text box.
    13. Type the following in the folder text box:
      \\your_company.com\login
    14. Click Different user name.
    15. Type your login name and password, and click OK.
    16. Click Finish. A new drive should appear in My Computer with the letter chosen earlier.
Note: Later releases of Microsoft Windows OS's may require additional or different steps.

iManager
If you are thinking that virtual server administration is too complicated, consider using iManager. iManager is a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that runs in a Web browser. It uses simple, point-and-click utilities to manage users and files. iManager is in Chapter 3.

Installing iManager
If you ordered your VPS v2 Virtual Server with iManager already installed, just go directly to Connecting to iManager.

    1. Connect to your VPS v2 Virtual Server using SSH and type
      % vinstall imanager2
    2. Type y and press Enter to accept the default file location, /home/enetrics/www/enetrics.com.
Connecting to iManager
To connect to iManager:
    1. Open a browser and go to: http://your_company.com/imanager/ (Replace your_company.com with your own domain.)
    2. When the iManager login window appears, type your username and password.
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